Metaphysics and Ontology Studies

Explore metaphysical theories of causation, causal powers, counterfactual dependence, and laws of nature — from Hume's regularity theory to dispositional essentialism and interventionism.

Explore mereology, the metaphysics of part-whole relations, composition questions, material constitution, the Ship of Theseus, and ontological commitment to composite objects.

Analyze the metaphysics of grounding — the non-causal explanatory relation between facts — including dependence, priority, fundamentality, and the structure of reality's explanatory hierarchy.

Analyze the metaphysics of the mind-body problem — substance dualism, physicalism, property dualism, panpsychism, neutral monism, and the hard problem of consciousness.

Navigate possible worlds, modal realism, necessity and possibility, essentialism, and counterfactual reasoning with an expert guide to modal metaphysics.

Analyze, reconstruct, and critically evaluate ontological arguments for the existence of God from Anselm to modal logic and contemporary analytic philosophy.

Explore the ontological status of abstract objects — numbers, sets, propositions, properties, and fictional characters — through Platonism, nominalism, structuralism, and fictionalism.

Explore philosophical theories of personal identity — psychological continuity, physical criteria, narrative self, four-dimensionalism, and what makes you the same person over time.

Explore the metaphysics of time — A-theory vs B-theory, presentism, eternalism, temporal passage, causation, and the philosophy of physics — with expert philosophical guidance.

Analyze theories of substance, properties, universals, tropes, and categories of being — from Aristotle and Descartes to contemporary analytic ontology and formal ontology.